Activating transcription factor 4 mediates adaptation of human glioblastoma cells to hypoxia and temozolomide
Abstract The integrated stress response (ISR) is a central cellular adaptive program that is activated by diverse stressors including ER stress, hypoxia and nutrient deprivation to orchestrate responses via activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4).We hypothesized that ATF4 is essential for the adaptation of human glioblastoma (GB) cells to the cond